High blood pressure is often called a ‘Silent Killer’ because it often does not have obvious symptoms. The main reasons for this are as follows:
1. Excessive salt in the diet
When there is too much salt in the diet, the body retains more water. This causes an increase in blood volume and thereby increases the pressure in the blood vessels. Processed foods and pickles play a big role in this.
2. Obesity and lack of exercise
When the body weight increases, the heart has to pump more blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells. This raises blood pressure. Lack of regular exercise also reduces the flexibility of the blood vessels.
3. Stress
When there is excessive mental stress, the body produces hormones such as ‘adrenaline’ and ‘cortisol’. These increase the heart rate and constrict blood vessels, which leads to a temporary and then permanent increase in BP.
4. Genetics
If a parent has high blood pressure in the family, the chances of it happening to their children are higher. Certain genetic factors can affect the amount of sodium in the body.
5. Bad habits (smoking, drinking)
Nicotine in tobacco damages the walls of blood vessels and narrows them. Excessive alcohol consumption also affects the functioning of the heart and raises blood pressure.
6. Other health problems
People with kidney disease, thyroid problems, sleep apnea (breathing problems during sleep) are also likely to have high blood pressure.
Things to consider to reduce BP:
DASH Diet: Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet.
Control salt: Do not eat more than one teaspoon of salt per day.
Exercise: Walk briskly for at least 30 minutes every day.
Weight Management: Maintain a healthy BMI.