The main cause of problems is the increase or decrease in the production of thyroid hormones. The 6 factors that lead to this are:
1. Iodine Deficiency
The body needs iodine to produce thyroid hormone. When the amount of iodine in the diet decreases, the gland is unable to produce the hormone, which causes ‘hypothyroidism’.
2. Autoimmune diseases
This is a condition in which the body’s immune system attacks its own thyroid gland.
Hashimoto’s disease: This slows down thyroid function.
Graves’ disease: This causes excessive production of thyroid hormone.
3. Stress
Excessive stress can affect the hormone levels in the body. This can reduce the functioning of the thyroid gland and worsen existing thyroid problems.
4. Genetics
If someone in the family has thyroid problems, it is more likely to be inherited. Studies indicate that this risk is eight times higher in women than in men.
5. Hormonal changes
During pregnancy or during menopause, severe hormonal changes in the body of women can affect the thyroid gland.
6. Inflammation of the gland (Thyroiditis)
The thyroid gland can become inflamed due to a viral infection or other causes. This causes excess hormones stored in the gland to be released into the blood.