The main factors affecting kidney health are as follows:
1. Uncontrolled Diabetes
Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney disease worldwide. When blood sugar levels increase, it damages the delicate blood vessels in the kidneys. This can completely affect the functioning of the kidneys over time.
2. High Blood Pressure (High BP)
Uncontrolled blood pressure hardens and narrows the blood vessels to the kidneys. This prevents the kidneys from receiving enough blood and slows down their function.
3. Excessive use of painkillers
Long-term use of painkillers (NSAIDs – for example, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac) without a doctor’s prescription directly affects the kidneys. This can lead to a condition called ‘analgesic nephropathy’.
4. Kidney stones and blockages
Kidney stones, prostate enlargement (in men), or tumors can block the flow of urine. This can put pressure on the kidneys and lead to infection.
5. Glomerulonephritis
This is inflammation of the small blood-filtering units (glomeruli) in the kidneys. This can be caused by infections or autoimmune diseases.
6. Dehydration and lifestyle
Not drinking enough water can cause waste to build up in the kidneys. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and high-salt diets also increase the workload of the kidneys.
Look for the following symptoms:
Swelling in the legs and face.
Decreased urine output.
Chronic fatigue and shortness of breath.
Frequent urination at night.