The following reasons can lead to the malfunction of the thyroid gland, which controls our metabolism:
1. Iodine Deficiency
The body needs iodine to produce thyroid hormones. A decrease in the amount of iodine in the diet causes the gland to swell (Goiter) and reduce the hormone.
2. Autoimmune Diseases
This is a condition in which the body’s immune system attacks its own cells. A condition called ‘Hashimoto’s thyroiditis’ causes hypothyroidism, and ‘Graves’ disease’ causes hyperthyroidism.
3. Genetics
If someone in the family has thyroid problems, it is more likely to be passed on to the next generation. Changes in the function of the thyroid gland can occur due to genetic reasons.
4. Stress
Although excessive stress does not directly affect thyroid function, it can worsen existing thyroid problems. Stress hormones disrupt the balance of thyroid hormones.
5. Hormonal changes
Hormonal changes that occur in women during pregnancy or menopause can lead to thyroid problems. Thyroid problems are more common in women than in men.
6. Nutritional deficiencies and lifestyle
In addition to iodine, deficiencies in minerals such as selenium and zinc can also affect thyroid function. This is also exacerbated by excessive consumption of processed foods and lack of exercise.
Main symptoms:
Hypothyroidism: Excessive weight gain, fatigue, hair loss, and inability to tolerate cold.
Hyperthyroidism: Sudden weight loss, rapid heartbeat, excessive thirst, and anxiety