The factors that lead to cancer can be mainly divided into the following:
1. Tobacco use
A large proportion of cancer deaths are due to tobacco use. Not only cigarettes and BDs, but also chewing tobacco causes cancers that affect the lungs, mouth, throat and esophagus.
2. Diet and obesity
Consumption of excessive processed meat, fatty foods, and foods with artificial colors increases the risk of cancer. Excess weight can lead to hormonal changes and, in turn, breast cancer and colon cancer.
3. Genetics
About 5-10% of cancers are caused by inherited gene mutations. If close relatives have cancer in the family, it is advisable to get tested at regular intervals.
4. Environmental factors and radiation
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays in sunlight can cause skin cancer. Excessive exposure to radiation such as X-rays and environmental pollutants also increase the risk of cancer.
5. Infections (Viruses and Bacteria)
Some viruses can cause cancer. For example, human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer, and hepatitis B and C viruses cause liver cancer.
6. Alcohol consumption
Excessive alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of cancer of the liver, breast, colon, and throat. Alcohol can damage the DNA of cells in the body.
3 things to reduce the risk of cancer:
Regular exercise: Exercising for at least 150 minutes a week can help reduce inflammation in the body.
Healthy Diet: Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains that are rich in antioxidants.
Screening: Screening tests such as mammograms and Pap smears can help detect cancer early.