The body converts the carbohydrates in the food we eat into glucose. Insulin is needed to convert this glucose into energy. Diabetes occurs when this process is disrupted. The main causes of this are as follows:
1. Insulin Resistance
This is the main cause of type-2 diabetes. Although the body produces enough insulin, the cells are unable to use it properly. This causes sugar to accumulate in the blood.
2. Genetics
If parents or close relatives in the family have diabetes, you are more likely to develop it. Some specific genes increase the risk of developing diabetes.
3. Obesity and lack of exercise
Excessive body weight, especially fat accumulation around the abdomen, interferes with the function of insulin. When physical activity decreases, the body’s process of converting glucose into energy slows down.
4. Wrong diet
Excessive consumption of sweets, flour dishes, junk food and carbonated drinks increases blood sugar levels quickly. This can lead to diabetes in the long run.
5. Pancreatic gland malfunction
The pancreas is the gland that produces insulin in the body. If the immune system attacks this gland (Type-1 Diabetes) or if there is any infection or damage to the pancreas, insulin production stops.
6. Mental stress and insomnia
Excessive stress increases hormones like ‘cortisol’ in the body. This can cause blood sugar levels to rise. Similarly, not getting proper sleep can also affect insulin function.
The main symptoms of diabetes:
Incessant thirst.
Frequent urge to urinate (especially at night).
Excessive hunger and fatigue.
Slow healing of wounds.
Blurred vision