Rectal cancer can be completely cured if detected early. The main factors that cause this are:
1. Dietary errors
Excessive consumption of red meat (beef, mutton) and processed meats (sausages, bacon, ham) increases the risk of rectal cancer. In addition, a diet low in fiber affects the digestive process and causes waste to stay in the intestines for a longer time.
2. Lifestyle and obesity
A sedentary lifestyle and weight gain are factors that increase the risk of cancer. When physical activity decreases, the body’s metabolism slows down, which affects the health of the intestines.
3. Genetics
About 5-10% of rectal cancers are inherited. If someone in your family has a genetic mutation such as Lynch Syndrome or FAP (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis), the next generation is more likely to get cancer.
4. Smoking and Alcohol
Long-term smoking causes cancer-causing chemicals to build up in the colon and rectum. Similarly, excessive alcohol consumption can change the genetic makeup of the body’s cells.
5. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
People with chronic diseases such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s Disease often experience constant inflammation in the intestinal wall. This inflammation, which continues for years, can change the cells and lead to cancer.
6. Polyps
Polyps are small growths that develop inside the rectum. Although not all polyps are cancerous, certain types of polyps (adenomas) can develop into cancer over time if left untreated.
The main symptoms of rectal cancer are:
Bleeding from the anus.
Changes in bowel habits (persistent diarrhea or constipation).
Feeling like you have to go again after you have had a bowel movement.
Unexplained weight loss and fatigue