Blood cancer is caused by the uncontrolled growth of blood cells. It is found in three main types: Leukemia, Lymphoma, and Myeloma. The main causes are:
Genetic Mutations: Certain changes in the DNA of blood cells cause the cells to grow uncontrollably. This can be congenital or occur during life. It is more likely in people with conditions such as Down syndrome.
Exposure to radiation: Exposure to high doses of X-rays or other strong radiation can damage blood cells and lead to cancer. This is also possible in people who have previously received radiation treatment for another cancer.
Exposure to chemicals: Long-term exposure to chemicals such as benzene used in factories can affect the bone marrow and cause leukemia.
Weakened immune system: A weakened immune system due to diseases such as HIV or medications taken after an organ transplant can lead to blood cancers such as lymphoma.
Smoking and lifestyle: Smoking increases the risk of leukemia. Toxins in tobacco travel through the blood and destroy cells in the bone marrow.