Stroke is a condition in which the blood flow to the brain is interrupted or the blood vessels in the brain rupture. This is an emergency situation that quickly affects the body’s functions. The main causes are:
High blood pressure (Hypertension): The most important cause of stroke is uncontrolled blood pressure. This weakens the blood vessels in the brain and causes them to rupture or become blocked by blood clots.
Cholesterol and blockage in the arteries: Increased levels of fat (cholesterol) in the blood cause layers to form on the inner walls of the arteries. This reduces blood flow to the brain and leads to stroke.
Heart problems: Blood clots can form in the heart due to changes in the heartbeat (atrial fibrillation) and heart valve defects. These clots travel through the blood and block the arteries in the brain, causing stroke.
Diabetes: High blood sugar levels over a long period of time can damage blood vessels. This increases the risk of blood clots and doubles the risk of stroke.
Lifestyle factors: Smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, and obesity are factors that increase the risk of stroke. The components in tobacco increase blood pressure and narrow blood vessels.