A stroke is a condition in which the blood flow to the brain is interrupted or the blood vessels in the brain rupture. It is an emergency situation that can quickly affect the body’s functions. The main causes are:
High blood pressure (Hypertension): The most important cause of stroke is uncontrolled blood pressure. This weakens the blood vessels in the brain and causes them to rupture or become blocked by blood clots.
Cholesterol and blockage of blood vessels: Increased levels of fat (LDL) in the blood cause the formation of plaques on the inner walls of the arteries (atherosclerosis). This reduces blood flow to the brain and leads to stroke.
Diabetes: High blood sugar levels over a long period of time damage the blood vessels. This increases the risk of blood clots and doubles the risk of stroke.
Heart problems: Abnormal heart rhythms (atrial fibrillation) and heart valve problems can cause blood clots to form in the heart. These clots travel through the blood and block the arteries in the brain, causing a stroke.
Lifestyle factors: Smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, and obesity increase the risk of stroke. The nicotine in tobacco increases blood pressure and causes blood clots.