Phlegm is a fluid that the body naturally produces to protect the lungs and throat from infections. But when it is produced in excess and builds up, it causes shortness of breath and discomfort. The main causes are:
Infections: When there are viral or bacterial infections such as colds, flu, bronchitis, and sinusitis, the body produces more mucus as part of its defense. This builds up in the chest and becomes phlegm.
Allergies: Allergies to dust mites, pollen, pet dander, and smoke cause inflammation in the airways. This leads to increased mucus production and a chronic cough.
Asthma: In people with respiratory diseases, the airways often narrow rapidly and excess mucus is produced. This causes wheezing and difficulty in clearing the mucus.
Acid Reflux (GERD): Acid reflux can cause throat irritation. To relieve this irritation, the body produces more mucus, which often causes the mucus to feel stuck in the throat.
Smoking and Air Pollution: Smoking disrupts the natural cleansing system of the lungs. This causes mucus to build up in the lungs (Smoker’s Cough).