The function of the insulin hormone is an important metabolic process that helps the body produce the energy it needs from the food we eat. Insulin, which is produced by the pancreas behind our stomach, delivers glucose from the blood to the cells. However, when the production of insulin in the body decreases, or the cells are unable to use the insulin produced effectively, glucose accumulates in the blood. Scientifically, this is called Diabetes Mellitus. Here are the 5 main scientific reasons behind the occurrence of diabetes:
Insulin Resistance: This is the most important scientific reason for the occurrence of Type 2 Diabetes. In this condition, the pancreas may produce enough insulin. However, the liver, muscle, and fat cells in the body are unable to respond to this insulin properly (Insulin Resistance). As a result, blood sugar cannot enter the cells and remains in the blood.
Obesity & Lack of Exercise: Lack of exercise and excessive weight gain are the main causes of insulin resistance. Especially the accumulation of fat in the abdomen (Visceral Fat) causes severe hormonal changes in the cells and damages the insulin receptors. In addition, a sedentary lifestyle reduces the use of glucose.
Genetics & Family History: Genetics play a major role in the development of diabetes. If parents or close blood relatives have diabetes, the next generation is more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. This is because certain specific genes that affect the function of the pancreas and insulin resistance are inherited.
High Carbohydrate & Sugar Intake: Eating too much carbohydrates (rice, flour), sugar, bakery products, and fast food can cause a spike in blood glucose. In addition, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) found in soft drinks and packaged foods can cause fatty liver and diabetes.
Autoimmune Destruction: This is mainly the cause of Type 1 Diabetes, which is mainly seen in children and young adults. This is a condition in which our body’s immune system mistakenly destroys the beta cells in its own pancreas that produce insulin. As a result, no insulin is produced in the body and diabetes occurs.