Children are more likely to get phlegm and colds than adults. Chronic cough that keeps the child awake at night, vomiting phlegm, and wheezing are common concerns for parents. Phlegm accumulates quickly because children’s respiratory system and immune system are still developing. Here are 5 main scientific reasons behind phlegm in children:
Immature immune system and viral infection: The most important scientific reason for phlegm in children is viral infections. RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus), Rhinovirus, and influenza easily affect the cells in the airways of children. Since the immune system is not as strong as that of adults, when they get a cold, excessive mucus is produced in the airways and it accumulates in the chest.
Narrow Airways in Children: Compared to adults, children’s airways are very small and narrow. Therefore, even if a small amount of mucus is produced, it quickly blocks the airways. This is what causes sudden shortness of breath or chest tightness in children when they have phlegm.
Pediatric Asthma / Hyperreactive Airways: Children with hereditary allergies are more likely to develop phlegm. When they inhale dust particles in the house, bed mites, pet hair, excessive perfumes, and cold air, the airways of children suddenly tighten (Bronchospasm) and phlegm forms. This is called asthma or reactive airway disease in children.
Air Pollution and Passive Smoking: Inhaling smoke inside or around the house can fatally affect children’s lungs. Children, especially those exposed to secondhand smoke (Passive Smoking), develop chronic phlegm and bronchitis, which can lead to damage to the immune system. Kitchen smoke and mosquito repellent smoke are also causes.
Changed diet and cold foods: Giving babies cold milk, ice creams, cold drinks with artificial colors and sweeteners, and chocolates from the refrigerator can quickly constrict the blood vessels in the throat and nose, causing them to produce more mucus.